Water and Sanitation

Emergency supply chain management involves ensuring the support mechanisms of emergency logistics are up to date, including infrastructure support, unified command and network coordination, law guarantee, contingency plan and emergency transportation. Emergency supply chain management Preparedness can significantly improve outcomes for vulnerable populations when an epidemic occurs, minimizing the impact on people and infrastructure.

Flood Protection refers to the methods put in place to help reduce or prevent the damaging effects of flood waters to infrastructure and landscape. This usually includes structures such as hurricane tidal barriers, dams, reservoirs or dikes. Flood Protection is important as it reduces the risk of flooding, as well as the damage and costs caused by flooding.

Hydrology is the study of the distribution and movement of water both on and below the Earth’s surface, as well as the impact of human activity on water availability and conditions. Hydrology is important for the, analysis, design, construction and operation of projects for the control, utilization, and management of water, our most important resource.

Sanitation Management refers to treatment of sewage and wastewater. This may include sewer systems, transportation of waste and disposal. Proper Sanitation Management is an integral part of society to ensure a safe, clean environment for the health and well-being of the people who inhabit it.

Waste management is the process of managing activities and actions required to manage waste, from its creation to final disposal. This includes the collection, transport, treatment, and disposal of waste materials, together with monitoring and regulation of the waste management process. The process of waste management presents complex technical challenges, however investing in waste management is integral to reducing demand on natural resources and minimisation of greenhouse gas emissions. Effective waste management also encourages the social and economic development of communities.

Water Conveyance is the transport of large volumes of water, usually through tanker trucks, pipelines, and aqueducts. As a development feature, the conveyance of water from areas of surplus to areas of need can improve population health, agricultural productivity, and industry.

Few resources are more precious than water. Water resource management is the activity of planning, developing, distributing and managing the optimum use of water resources. It is a sub-set of water cycle management, harnessing the benefits of water by ensuring there is sufficient quantity and quality for drinking and sanitation services, food production, energy generation, inland water transport, and water-based recreation, as well as sustaining healthy water-dependent ecosystems and protecting the aesthetic and spiritual values of lakes, rivers, and estuaries. Water resource management also entails managing water-related risks to water supply, including flood contamination, drought, overuse, and industrial contamination. The complexity of relationships between water and households, economies, and ecosystems, requires integrated management that accounts for the synergies and trade-offs of water’s great value and number of uses.

Water treatment involves the improving of water quality to make it appropriate for a specific end-use, this includes drinking, industrial water supply, irrigation, river flow maintenance, water recreation or many other uses, including being safely returned to the environment. Water treatment removes or decreases contaminants. This treatment is crucial to human health and allows humans to benefit from both drinking and irrigation use.